Firearm.



C. A. NELSON.

FIREARNI.

APPLlcATloN FILED Aue.24, 1914.

1,176,847. Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

( ATTORNEY C. A. NELSON.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG24| 1914.

Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WIT/VESSES C. A. NELSON.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION flu-:D Aue.24, 1914.

1,176,847. Patented Mar. 28,1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

rHE coumsm PLANQGRAPH no..- wAsH1Nn'rnN,'D, c,

TLF; @FAES PATN' Q lQE.

CHARLES A. NELSON, 0F UTIC, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO SAVAGE ARMS COMPANY,OF UTICA, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

FIREABM.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that 1, CHARLES A. NELSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Utica, in the county of Oneida and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in firearms, of which thefollowing is a specification.

Une object of this invention is to increase the facility of operation,reliability and general ciliciency of the means for causing the transferof the cartridges from the magazine to the breech of a gun of the typein which the cartridges are delivered from the magazine in a directionsubstantially longitudinally of the axis of the barrel, represented, forinstance, in my Patent No. 1141256.

Another object is to provide a novel means for signifying to theoperator that the magazine is empty on the firing and ejection of theempty shell of the last cartridge.

Another object is to provide for securing together the two receiversections of a gun of the type of that represented in my applicationaforesaid in a way at once facilitating their ready assembling anddisassembling and preserving the securing means intact with one of saidsections when they are separated.

Another object is to improve the construction of and the manner ofmounting a magazine of the tubular class in the gun.

The invention will be found fully illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein,

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional-view of the receiver-portion of theimproved gun, showing the transfer and other parts in the positions theyoccupy when the action slide is full forward and the hammer down; Fig. 2is a similar view, showing the hammer cocked and the parts of thetransfer mechanism in the positions they occupy when the action slidehas partway advanced a cartridge into the breech; Fig. 3 is a similarview, showing the hammer and transfer parts in the positions they occupywhen the last cartridge in the magazine has been fired and its shellejected, the action being then locked; Fig. 4 is an inside elevation ofthe left-hand section of the receiver and the parts carried thereby;Figs. 5 and 6 are sectional views on lines w-fw and mof Figs. l and 2,respectively; Figs.' 7 andS Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led August 24, 1914.

are sectional views on line g/Qy of Fig. 3, showing the receiversections disassembled and assembled, respectively; Fig. 9 is an insideelevation of the left-hand receiver section and certain of its adjuncts,illustrating the manner of bringing a cartridge into alinement with thebreech; Fig. 10 is a sectional view on the line .2 2 of Fig. 9 and Fig.10a a sectional view at right angles to line Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14: and15 are a top plan view, side, front and rear elevations, and anunderneath plan, respectively, of the carrier; Fig. 16 is a sideelevation of the carrier, partly in section; Figs. 17 and 18 are a leftside elevation and an underneath plan of the rear part of the actionslide; Fig. 19 is a View illustrating the magazine, partly in sideelevation and partly in section; and, Fig. 2G is a sectional view on theline /u-v of Fig. 3.

The receiver or frame a, comprises a stock section a and a barrelsection a which lie face to face when assembled, being interloclred bythe mortise and tenon connections c and CZ, (Figs. 1 and et) and heldtogether preferably as follows: A sleeve e is driven with a tight fitinto a hole in the section a opposite a threaded hole f in the receiversection a, having in its end Vportion e threading in the same pitch andbeing of the same diameter as the threaded hole j". g is a thumb screwprovided with a milled head and having a threaded portion g at the endthereof. When screw b, holding the sections together as shown in Fig. 8,is turned to clear its threaded portion from the threaded hole f andthus allow thesections to be separated it will not become'detached fromsection a unless it is now turned with its threading -engaged withthreading e until it clears the sleeve.

7a is the barrel and z' the magazine tube, the same having the usualfeeding aperture z" and having its rear end fitted into the receiversection a and being secured to the barrel by the straps or stirrups jinthe novel mannerillustrated in Fig. 20, wherein divergent holes c areshown formed in theunder side of the barrel into which the ends j of thestrap are driven in such a way that when the joint is complete the straptightly embraces the magazine tube. Telescoped into the tube z' is thetube Z having suitably secured in its outer vend the milled head maiording an abutment for one Aend of the spring n contained in the tubevand'normally pressing the cartridge plunger or follower o to a limitadorded by the contact ofa shoulder 0 thereon with a. shoulder formedsuitably contracting the inner end of the tube Z, in which position, itmay be remarked, said plunger or follower projects into the receiver asshown in Fig. 3. The head fm, has a wide groove m formed in and aroundit to afford a grip for the thumb and forefinger, andto lock the tubeZagainst withdrawal when home I provide the spring-pressed catch p whichis Vpivoted at its outer end in a longitudinal slot g in zthe head andhas a vtooth 7J on its inner end .protruding through a hole Z in thetube and adapted to engage with one or the other of two diametricallyopposite transverse slots i in the magazine tube z'. If the catch 7Jdoes not atonce lock the tube Z when pushed home,a slight turn willbring the catch into registry lwith one or other ofslots zw; the

removal of the the tube is accomplished quite aseasily, because inrolling the head m between thumb and foreiinger the part Aof catch 7)which Vtraverses the groove m is pressed upon, releasing the catch. 'ris the breech bolt, carrying the .firing pin s and having on the rightside'the forwardly projecting springehoolr cartridge extractor t and onthe left side lugs u adapted to receivethe head of a cartridge betweenthem, and also having the Vbreech-up shoulder o, coactive with the iiXedrecoil shoulder w, 4and the depending hoop-shaped lug m formed withopposite inclined surfaces and x. v

1/ is the bar (having a. sleeve e sliding on the magazine tube) of theaction slide and 2 .the sliding forearm fixed on said sleeve. rlhe leftside of the bar 1/ has certain guide Aing surfaces to be described andalso the stud 3 and hook .4. The breech-'bolt has on the right side adepending flange r by which atits forward end it is supported on ,thebar i/ ofthe action slide, resting at the rear o n stud 3 and beingconned Vbetween the sections a a of the receiver. 'When the action-slideis retracted stud 3 after s orneV lost motion impinges against surfaceof hook a: and cams down ,the breech bolt out of breeched-up position,thereupon mov ing 'back the breech-bolt to the fully open position; whenthe action slide is advanced, after some 'lost motion again, stud 3'impfinges .surface ai, drives home ,the bolt and finally breeches it up.

The ejector '5, cushioned bv a spring 6 in# set .in the groove 7v andheldtherein 4(Fig. 10a) substantially as 'described in Patent No.1100765, coperates with `the extractor t on the 'breech-bolt to throwout the empty A extracted shell through the'opening 8 .in the right Sideof the receiver .in a Well known mannen; in ,the present instance aient@`carries a -depending lug -9 hav-ingo. function to be Vdescribed in thepositioning of the -In 4the forward the way (against the tension ofspring 6) as the breech-bolt reaches its forward limit by the contactAofthe edge 1" (Figs. 2 and 3) of the breech-bolt with the beveledrearward surface of V lug 9.

10 is the hammer, L1 the usual Springpressed thrust 'bar therefor, 12the trigger,

13 a. spring-pressed.locking bar which holds ff' the trigger against thenotched sur-face 10 ofthe hammer, which latter is moved .to ,the cockedposition by hook i engaging a .cam surface on lthe hammer; and 14 is amanually .controlled hook-lever for locking against lretraction theaction slide 4.unless stud 1 0 Von the hammer depresses 4the hook leverout o f locking engagement with ,the notch lv/of 4the action slide-. e.,inthe forward or firing position of the hammer.

Those of the foregoing elements (excepting the novel means for securingtogether the two receiver-sections, the means for supporting themagazine tube, the means for releasably securing thespring-plunger-carrying tube Zin the magazine tube, the plunger orfollower o adapted to project into the space o f the vreceiver upon`explosion of the last cartridge and ejection of the shell .thereof,'and thedevice 5 9) that are not found in the Savage 'Patent No.839517 have been described and claimed in my Patent No. '11.41256'before referred to `and are :therefore not Claimed herein.

The transfer of the cartridges from the I magazine into Vthe breech liseffected .as follows: On the sleeve e vis ypivoted a cartridge carrier15 having a curved depending wall 16 at its forward end and having achannel 17 formed in' the top thereof, the forward portion of which issomewhat elevatedabove the rear portion, producing a shoulder 18 whichis ,prefs ra-bly beveled.. A Pin L19 'at therear en d ofthe channelforms a rear.-

ward vs top for -a cartridge coming .to yrest on the s eat aiforded bysaid channel. Vhen the carrier is fully depressed, Athe cartridge in themagazine will vbe forced Aback by fthe spring plunger 0 onto said seatagainstthe stop. A t the right side of the forward .part of .thecartridge ,seat 1.7 Athe .carrier Ais formed with an upstanding wall `20and in Said side is inset -a spring-cushioned lever 2l lhavingaprotruding stud V 2.2,

.'Housed .-n'a .recess 23 in receiver section n Yand opposite wall 2O ofthe carrierfthere is ful'crumed on the horizontal ,pin 24a vlever 2.5whoseupper end is curved inwardly, be-

ing adapted when the carrier is depressed and :exerts .by its.vdep.en.dinge 1% .15 .cane lff? ming pressure on the lever below itsfulcrum 24, as at 26, to coperate with wall 20 of the carrier to guidethe cartridge in being delivered to the carrier and keep it on the seat17 until other instrumentalities intervene to perform the latterfunction; when the carrier rises a spring 27 causes the upper end of thelever to swing back as in Fig. 6, out of the way of the carrier, as soonas the latter clears the lever 26.

It will be observed that the forward wall of the receiver forms on theinside a surface concentric with sleeve e, and that the butt end of thebarrel forms a vertical surface. In furtherance of the object of keepingthe nose of the cartridge moving parallel with these surfaces as itrises and thus finally bringing it as close as possible to the rearextremity of the breech, the butt of the elevated cartridge, as thelatter passes into opposition to the butt surface of the barrel, comesagainst the stop 9 and, the carrier continuing to rise, said stop eectsthe forward shifting of theJ cartridge on the seat 17 until at themaximum elevation of the carrier the cartridge is held between theforward or high part of seat 17 and the top of the receiver, alined withthe breech and with its nose close thereto (compare Figs. 9 and 2, thelatter figure, however, showing the cartridge already partly advancedinto the breech).

The carrier performs the upward movement followed by a downward movementin the forward thrust of the action slide; on the rearward thrust of theaction slide it remains depressed. To accomplish this action the bar ,1/of the action slide has a generally arched groove 29 formed in the leftside thereof and adapted to receive the stud 22 of the carrier. Thisgroove extends first at an upward incline, then horizontally, then at adownward incline, then horizontally again and finally at a downwardincline again. It will be understood that the carrier is elevated,bringing the cartridge in line with the breech, then remains stationaryuntil the advancing breech-bolt has advanced the nose of the cartridgeinto the breech, then partway descends so as to get out of the way ofthe breech-bolt, then again stands at a pause, its wall 16 blocking themagazine exit (this pause being desirable for preventing a freshcartridge from entering the cartridge seat in such a way as to interferewith the cartridge being breeched, so possibly causing a iam, as by theinterlocking of the rims of the two cartridges) and finally descends toits limit approximately coincidently with the driving fully home of thecartridge being breeched, thus admitting aV fresh cartridge to thecartridge seat, these operations coinciding with the positions of stud22 while engaged in the several portions, respectively, of the groovey29 above defined. The carrier, as stated,

end of the groove 29 are formed the steps4 31, over which the stud 22snaps as the bar advances, the first preventing the return of the actionslide once its advance has been fairly started, so that the carriercannot be thus depressed and a possible jam caused by the upending ofthe nose of the cartridge it carries by the butt of the next cartridge,protruding from the magazine, and the second preventing the stud 22 fromtraveling backward through the groove 29 (if perchance the carriershould be jarred out of its fully depressed position) on the backward,movement of the action slide.

Then the last cartridge has been fired the plunger o, on the fullretraction of the action slide to reject the empty shell and theconsequent full descent of the carrier, is forced by its spring backover the carrier and thus locks the action, signifying that the magazineis empty.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is 1. In combination, the barrel, themagazine, the receiver and means for shifting the cartridges from themagazine and then breeching the same including a movable carrier memberand a reciprocable actuating member, said members having a back andforth camming connection alternately active and inactive on the strokes,respectively, of the actuating member in each full reciprocatingmovement thereof and means to block the return movement of saidactuating member during the stroke thereof when said connection isactive. 2. In combination, the barrel, the magazine, the receiver andmeans for shifting the cartridges from the magazine and then breechingthe same including a movable carrier member and a reciprocable actuatingmember, said members having the one an arched groove and the other aprojection engaged in said groove, wherebyl on the stroke of saidactuating member in one direction to cause back and forth movement ofthe carrier member, said groove having means engageable by theprojection to block return movement of the actuating member during saidstroke.

3. In combination, the barrel, the magazine, the receiver and means forshifting the cartridges from the magazine and then breeching ,the sameincluding al movable carrier member and a reciprocable actuating 'ofsaid actuating member vin lone direction to cause back and forth.movement ofthe carrier member', and also having Vmeans .to

Vblock the actuating member .against .return movement during saidstroke.

. il. 'In combinatiomthe barrel, the .rearwardly discharging magazine'below .the

same, the receiver', and means for shifting the cartridge from themagazine and .then

breeching the same including an up and down lmoving cartridge carriermember` and a longitudinally reciprocating actuating member for thecarrier member having an up anddown camming connection with each other'including a camming way in .one mem- 'ber alternatively engaged andunengaged vby the other member on the strokes, respectively, of theactuating member in each full reciprocating movement -thereof and saidmembers also having means to block the re turn movement of the actuatingmember during the stroke 'thereof corresponding to the engaged relation'of "said way and the member engageable therewith.

In combination, the barrel, the receiver, a back and forth movingstructure having means to breech the cartridge, and lan `upand-downmoving carrier, said structure andA the vcarrier having an up-and-downcamming connectionwith each other ,and said connection having'means v,tohold the carrier member at va pause Vduring its stroke in one direction.

6. In combination, 'the barrel,1the receiver, back Iand forth movingstructure having means to breech the Acartri'dge,l and a.an up and downmoving carrier, said Stlllule and carrier having an up and dow-n Camsming connection active Qn the breeehing stroke of saidstructure and said,connection having means to hold the carrier member at a pause duringdownward l-move'ment thereof.

7. YIn combination, the barrel,wthe relai'- wardly discharging magazine:below the same, the receiver, aback and fortllmoving structure havingmeans to breech the cartridge, and a carrier movable-upwardly into anddownwardly out of obstructing relation to the magazine, said Structureand carrier having an up and down camini-ng @Omlootion active on thebreeching stroke of said structure and said connectionhaving*means--tohold the carrier member at a pause during downward -movementthereof.

'8. The v`combination of the receiver, the

barrel, v'means to breech the cartridge having Vmeans -to `extract thespent shell, said re- Vceiver having ar shell ejecting opening, means'for shifting the cartidge into position forbreeching and a unitarydevice coactive with the shell extracting means to eject the shell ,andengageablel by the cartridge 'to move the sameA in the shifting meansWhile being shifted.

V9. The combination of the barrel, the rearwardly discharging magazine,the receiver, backwardly and forwardly moving means to breech thecartridge, means for re- `ceivingthe cartridge from the magazine andthereupon elevating and finally supporting rthe cartridge substantiallyalined with the barrel and in positionV for breeching including acarrier having a cartridge seat and pivotally movable on a horizontalaxis upwardly and rearwardly, said Seat being inclined upwardly andrearwardly in the depressed position of the carrier and having itsforward portion elevated above its rear and a headed screw entered fromthe outside :through the hole of one section and having' a threaded.portion engaged with Ithe threading of the hole of the other secticn.'11. In combination, 'the barrel, the rearwardly discharging tubularmagazine below the same, the receiver, means :to receive, elevate and4thereupon breech the cartridge including an upwardly movable carrier,and means to lock -thefirs't means against movenient consisting of aninflexible plunger arranged in and closely lfitting the'magazine andprojectable therefromfor but a part of itslength into locking engagementWith the carrier.`

In testimony whereof I afHX my vsignature in presence of two witnesses.l i CHARLES A. NELSON.

Witnesses: Y Y

M. E; EHREMAN, ARTHUR L. Woon.

Copies of this patent may .be obtained for ve .cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

I Washngto11',f1).0.

